Thai Sentence-final particles (คำเสริม / คำลงท้าย)

Thai particles are brief, concluding words that imbue a sentence with nuanced attitude, emotional context, and social nuance. They primarily function to convey the speaker's politeness, soften or emphasize a statement, formulate a question, or indicate the speaker's mood. These particles do not alter the fundamental meaning of the sentence but are essential for communicating respect, familiarity, hesitation, or encouragement. Their correct use is fundamental to sounding natural and contextually appropriate in spoken Thai, as they define the interpersonal tone of the conversation.

Thai Particle	RTGS Spelling	Your System (Long Vowels & Tones)	Explanation (English)
ครับ	Khrap	Khráp	A polite particle used by male speakers to make statements or questions respectful.
ค่ะ	Kha	Khâa	A polite particle used by female speakers to make statements or questions respectful.
นะ	Na	Ná	A softener particle that makes a sentence sound like a suggestion, gentle request, or seeking agreement.
เหรอ	Roe	Rǒoe	A particle placed at the end of a statement to turn it into a questioning or doubting "really?" or "is that so?".
สิ	Si	Sí	An urging particle used to encourage, persuade, or mildly challenge someone to do something.
เลย	Loei	Looei	An intensifying particle meaning "right away," "at all," or "go ahead and" to emphasize immediacy or degree.
ละ	La	Lá	A particle used to mark a change of topic, state, or action, often translated as "then" or "now then."
นี่	Ni	Nîi	A demonstrative particle used for emphasis, pointing something out, or expressing surprise (like "hey!" or "this!").
ไหม	Mai	Mǎi	The standard question particle, placed at the end of a sentence to form a general "yes/no" question.
หรือ	Rue	Rǔue	The standard alternative question particle meaning "or," used to connect choices within a question.
จ้ะ	Cha	Chá	A friendly, informal particle used by female speakers to sound sweet, affectionate, or gently emphatic.
จ๊ะ	Cha	Chá	Similar to จ้ะ, a sweet and informal particle often used for light emphasis or in a teasing, playful tone.
เถอะ	Thoe	Thòe	A persuasive particle used to suggest, urge, or encourage someone to do something, like "let's..." or "go on...".
หนอ	No	Nǒo	A pensive or poetic particle expressing wonder, contemplation, or regret, often found in songs and literature.
ดอก	Dok	Dòk	A particle used to contradict a previous assumption or to assert a fact, adding emphasis or clarification.
นา	Na	Nǎa	A pensive particle similar to หนอ, expressing mild emotion, reflection, or a rhetorical question to oneself.
เอย	Oei	Ooei	A formal, poetic particle used in traditional verse, incantations, or calls, often to add rhythmic finality.
ฮะ	Ha	Há	An informal, colloquial particle used by male speakers to signal they are listening or to confirm understanding.
คับ	Khap	Kháp	A colloquial, casual variant of ครับ (khráp) used in relaxed speech or online by male speakers.
จัง	Chang	Chang	An emotional particle used to express that something is very much so, like "so..." or "how...!"